甘肃省张掖市艾滋病流行状况及特征分析

Analysis of epidemic status and features of AIDS in Zhangye city, Gansu province

目的了解甘肃省张掖市艾滋病的流行特点及发展趋势,为制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法用描述流行病学方法分析2005—2016张掖市艾滋病的疫情资料和流行病学调查资料。结果 2005—2016年8月底张掖市共报告HIV/AIDS病例158例,发病呈逐年上升趋势;全市各县(区)均有病例报告,发病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=6.47,P>0.01);男性报告146例、女性12例,男女性别比12.16∶1;发病以青壮年为主,20~49岁年龄组报告129例、占81.65%,各年龄组差异有统计学意义(χ~2=54.64,P<0.01);发病以农民和家务待业人员为主,报告106例、占67.09%;以性途径传播为主、占96.83%,其中同性传播上升迅速,由2012年的10.00%(1/10)上升为2016年的57.89%(33/57)。结论张掖市艾滋病流行进入快速增长阶段,性途径传播为主要传播方式,其中男男同性恋者已成为传播AIDS的重点人群,应进一步加强宣传教育及监测力度,建立健全服务体系,有效地遏制艾滋病在全市蔓延。

Objective To understand the prevalent features and trend of AIDS in Zhangye city, to provide a reference for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was carried out to ana- lyze HIV/AIDS epidemic and epidemiological data in Zhangye from 2005 to 2016. Results During the period of 2005 to August 2016, totally 158 cases with HIV/AIDS were reported, showing an upward trend of morbidity. There were reported cases in all districts （counties）, without statistical difference in the incidence rate （Z2=6.47, P〉0.01）. The reported cases includ- ed 146 cases of the male and 12 cases of the female, with the ratio of 12.16： 1. The cases mainly occurred in young adults. There were 129 cases reported in age group of 20 to 49 years, accounting for 81.65%, without statistical difference among the age groups （χ^2=54.64, P〈0.01）. The patients （106 cases, 67.09%） were most of farmers and people in housework and job-wait- ing. Heterosexual transmission accounted for 96.83%, and homogeneity transmission male to male increased rapidly, from 10.00% （1/10） in 2012 to 57.89% （33/57） in 2016. Conclusions HIV/AIDS epidemic in Zhangye city enters the phase of rapid growth, with the main route by sexual transmission. Out of that, MSM has become the key to the AIDS spreading popu- lation. Public education and monitoring should be reinforced by establishing and perfecting service system, so as to effective- ly prevent AIDS from spreading in the city.