近场头相关传输函数的多声源快速测量系统设计与验证

Design and validation on a multiple sound source fast measurement system of near-field head-related transfer functions

近场头相关传输函数(HRTF)是双耳听觉科学研究和虚拟听觉重放应用的重要基础数据。近场HRTF测量系统要求具有高的测量效率、精度和重复性,以至于目前未见文献解决真人受试者的近场HRTF测量困难。本文研究并实现了一种计算机控制的近场HRTF的高效测量系统,并提出系统的快速校准方法,首先实现了真人受试者的近场HRTF测量。通过声学、机械与电子硬件和软件的综合设计,提高了测量效率。通过准确校准声源、受试者和双耳传声器的位置,提高了测量精确度和重复性。系统可用于1.0 m范围内不同声源距离的真人受试者以及人工头的近场HRTF测量,单个声源距离的全空间近场HRTF测量时间减少至20 min以内。测量结果表明,系统测量精度满足实际需求,可用于科学研究和个性化近场HRTF测量及数据库建立。

Near-field head-related transfer functions （HRTFs） are essential to scientific researches of binaural hearing and practical applications of virtual auditory display. High efficiency, accuracy and repeatability are required in a near-field HRTF measurement. As results, there is no reference that is intent on solving the measuring difficult of near-field HRTF for human subjects. In present work, an efficient near-field HRTF measurement system that is based on computer control is designed and implemented, and a fast calibration method for the system is proposed, so as to firstly solve the measurement of near-field HRTF for human subjects. The efficiency of measurement is enhanced by a comprehensive design on the acoustic, electronic and mechanical parts of the system. And the accuracy and repeatability in measurement are greatly improved by careflflly calibrating the positions of sound source, subject and binaural microphones. This system is suitable for near-field HRTF measurement at various source distances within 1.0 m, for both human subject and artificial head. The time for HRTF measurement at a single sound source distance and full directions is within 20 minutes. The measurement results indicate that the accuracy of the system satisfies the actual demand. The system is applicable to scientific researches and can be used to establish individualized near-field HRTF database for human subject.