供应链纵向结构对EPR政策激励效果的影响研究

Study on the Impacts of Supply Chain Vertical Structure on EPR Policy's Incentive Effects

为了揭示供应链纵向结构对EPR政策激励效果的影响,本文通过构建EPR政策约束下由上游制造商和下游客户所组成的供应链决策模型,分别在纵向一体化和纵向分离两种典型的供应链纵向市场结构下,考察了EPR政策对制造商环保性能和可循环性设计决策的激励影响。结果表明:在不同的供应链纵向结构下,由于制造商与客户之间的利益协调机制存在着差异,使得EPR政策对制造商环境设计选择的激励效果将发生变化。在纵向一体化结构下EPR政策对制造商可循环性的激励效果更强;而EPR政策对环保性能的激励在哪种供应链纵向结构下更强是不确定的,最终还取决于行业本身在生产成本和环境成本等方面的特征。最后,基于本文的研究结论给出了EPR政策与产业政策相配套的政策建议。

To reveal the impact of supply chain vertical structures on Extended Producer Responsibility （EPR） policy＇s incentive effects, this paper establishes a decision model based on EPR policy for supply chain com- prised of manufacturer and customer, and then compares the manufacturer＇ s environmental design decisions about environmental performance and remanufacturability in different supply chain vertical structures, i.e. verti- cal integration and vertical separation. The result shows that： owing to the interest coordination mechanisms be- tween manufacturer and customer will be different in diverse supply chain vertical structures, and manufacturers will change their environmental design choices. Compared with vertical separation, EPR policy has a more incen- tive effect on product remanufacturability under vertical integration ; incentive effect of EPR policy on product en- vironmental performance depends on the industrial characteristics about production cost and environmental cost. When the pollutants are mainly from the use of their products and it is difficult for manufacturers to enhance the environmental performance of the products, EPR policy has a more incentive effect on environmental performance under vertical separation. Conversely, when the pollutants derive mainly from the retired products and it is easy to enhance the environmental performance of the products, EPR policy has a more incentive effect on environ- mental performance under vertical integration. Finally, suggestions on the coordination between EPR and indus- trial policies are proposed based on the derived conclusions.