基于两阶段启发式算法的物流配送选址-路径问题研究

Study on Location-routing Problem of Logistics Distribution Based on Two-stage Heuristic Algorithm

为了解决配送中心选址与带时间窗的多中心车辆路径优化组合决策问题,利用双层规划法建立了配送中心选址与车辆路径安排的多目标整数规划模型,针对该模型的特点,采用两阶段启发式算法进行了求解。首先,通过基于聚集度的启发式算法对客户进行分类,确定了备选配送中心的服务范围;然后,基于双层规划法,以配送中心选址成本最小作为上层规划目标,以车辆配送成本最小作为下层规划目标,建立了多目标整数规划模型;最后,利用改进的蚁群算法进行了求解。通过分析实例数据和Barreto Benchmark算例的实验结果,验证了该模型的有效性和可行性。

To solve the combined problem of distribution center location and multi-depot vehicle routing with time windows, using hi-level programming, the multi-objective integer planning model of distribution center location and vehicle routing is formulated. Taking into account the special feature of the model, we propose a suitable sol- ving method. By utilizing two-stage heuristic algorithm, aggregation-based algorithm is firstly used to classify cus- tomers, and then, the memberships between customers and distributions center as well as the service area of alternative distribution center are determined. Secondly, based on hi-level programming, the multi-objective integer programming model is established. Its upper planning targets at the minimum cost of distribution center location, while lower planning at the minimum cost of vehicle transportation. Finally, by means of improved ant colony algorithm which introduces the crossover operator, objective values are obtained. Through the analysis of experimental data and Barreto Benchmark instances, we verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed model.