油田污水生化处理技术研究进展

Research Progress of Biochemical Treatment Technology for Oilfield Wastewater

随着油田采油形势的日益严峻,采油废水处理也面临诸多问题,污水排量大、水体质量波动大、大分子有机物浓度高、重金属类污染物含量高,传统物理化学方法难以应对,而生化法处理采油废水高效低耗,经济环保。介绍了几种常用的采油废水生物处理技术,包括活性污泥法、生物膜法、自然处理法及厌氧-好氧处理法,其中自然处理法包括人工湿地法和氧化塘法。对国内外学者的研究进行了简明归纳,并对油田污水处理技术未来的发展方向提出了建议。

With the increasingly serious oil production situation, the wastewater treatment of oil extraction is facing many problems, such as large displacement of sewage, large fluctuation of water quality, high concentration of macromolecule organics, high content of heavy metal pollutants and so on. Biochemical treatment of oil production waste water is economic and environmental, and has high efficiency and low consumption. In this paper, several common bio-treatment technologies of oil-producing wastewater were introduced, including activated sludge process, biofilm process, natural treatment and anaerobic-aerobic treatment. The natural treatment includes artificial wetland and oxidation pond. The research on bio-treatment technologies of oil-producing wastewater at home and abroad was summarized, and the future development direction of oilfield wastewater treatment technology was put forward.