体育态度对小学生视力的影响研究——基于结构方程建模的验证

Research on the effect of sports attitudes on primary school students' eyesight:based on the verification of structural equation modeling

为探究影响小学生视力的众多因素,并找出主要因素,抽取浙江省4~6年级的小学生1 798人进行视力检查,同时进行问卷调查.将因子分析中得到的4个公因子作为模型结构方程的潜变量,使用AMOS 17.0软件进行模型的构建与验证.结果显示:4~6年级小学生的平均视力不良发生率达60.06%.结构方程模型分析表明:"体育态度""运动参与""视近时间""生活习惯"4个因子均对视力有影响,作用大小分别为0.78,0.27,0.16,0.12;"体育态度"及"运动参与"对视力的影响可能比"视近时间"和"生活习惯"更大,并且培养小学生对体育运动的正面态度比用行政命令动员小学生减少用眼时间和被动体育锻炼更重要.

In order to investigate and analyze the factors that influence myopia and find out the main factors, it was conducted an investigation by taking 1 798 samples from Grade 4 - Grade 6 elementary students in Zhe- jiang province for sight test, and questionnaire survey as well. Four common factors were selected as latent variables in the structural equation model after the factor analysis, AMOS 17.0 software was used for the construction of a structural equation model and verification. The results showed that： 60.06% of the elementary students were short sighted. Structural equation model analysis showed that four factors were influential in myopia： attitudes towards sport, sports participation, nearsighted duration, habits whose effect force was 0.78, 0.27, 0.16, 0.12, respectively. It was concluded that ： the influence of sports attitudes and sports participa- tion over eyesight might be greater than time and habit, meanwhile, it would be better to cultivate a positive attitude towards sport than to mobilize students to reduce eye using time and doing passive exercise.