天津滨海新区土地利用变化及驱动因子分析

Analysis of Land Use Change and Driving Factors in Tianjin Binhai New Area

随着全球变化研究的深入,人们逐渐认识到人类活动所导致的土地利用/土地覆盖变化(Land Use and Cover Change)最终会反过来影响到人类自身的生存和发展。因此,土地利用与土地覆盖变化成为全球变化研究的热点问题。本文以天津滨海新区为研究区域,使用ENVI软件通过面向对象解译的方法分别对2005、2010、2014年的遥感图像进行处理,得到3期的解译数据;然后,运用土地利用动态度及土地利用转移矩阵的方法对土地利用的面积变化情况进行分析;最终得出结论:该区域土地利用类型面积变化以建筑用地、未利用地的大幅增加及水域的锐减为主。2005~2014年9年间建筑用地和未利用地面积增加量分别为13 638.15 hm^2、6 926.94 hm^2;植被和盐田的面积都是减少的,而植被减少的面积最多,减少的面积量为10 673.28 hm^2。同时,本文进一步分析了经济、人口、政策驱动因子对该区域土地利用变化的影响。

With the deepening of the research of global change, people come to realize that the Land Use and Cover Change which iscaused by human activities will ultimately affect the survival and development of human beings. Therefore, the land use and land coverchange has become a hot issue in global change research. In this paper, Tianjin Binhai New Area as a case study, the remote sensingimages in 2014, 2010 and 2005 are processed by the method of object - oriented interpretation, and the three phases of interpretationdata will be obtained. Then using the dynamic degree of land use and land use transfer matrix method analyzes the changes in the areaof land use. Conclusion ： Area changes, in the land use types, is mainly based on the increase of construction land, unused land andthe decrease of water area. From 2005 to 2014, construction land and unused land area respectively increased by 13 638.15 hm2 ,6 926.94 hmZ; the vegetation and salt area is reduced, and the reduction of vegetation area is the most, the reduced area is10 673.28 hm2. On the basis of these, the influence of economic, population and policy driving factors on land use change is ana-lyzed further.