我国工程技术人员发展现状及分布研究

Research on Development Status and Distribution of Engineering Technicians in China

工程技术人员是推动技术创新的实践者,也是技术革命和进步的核心力量。本文利用公有经济企事业单位工程技术人员情况和全国人口普查数据,对我国工程技术人员总量进行估算并分析其分布情况。结果表明,2010年我国工程技术人员总量为1 560.55万人,广泛分布于国民经济的19个行业和各个部门。在以制造业为代表的第二产业中,工程技术人员分布最为密集。从所有制角度看,约2/3工程技术人员分布于非公有制经济体中。为了使工程技术人员在实施创新驱动发展战略的过程中发挥更大的作用,建议更加深入了解我国工程技术人员现状,重视工程技术人员的队伍建设。

Engineering technicians are the practitioners of technical innovation, as well as the core to technical progress and Technology revolution. According to the data of public ownership and nationwide census of 2010, this paper estimates the total of engineering technicians in China and also analyzes its distribution. There were 15.6055 million engineering technicians in China in 2010, and they are widely distributed in the 19 sectors of the national economy. The distribution of engineering technicians in the second industry is the most intensive, especially in the manufacturing industry. From the perspective of ownership, about two thirds of engineering technicians were in the non-public sector of the economy. In order to enable engineering technicians to play a greater role in the process of the implementation of innovation driven development strategy, a more in-depth understanding of current situation of the engineering technicians in China should be realized, and their team construction should be paid more attention.