长大铁路隧道及隧道群救援设施的规划探讨

Discussion on Rescue Facilities Planning in Long Railway Tunnels and Tunnel Groups

随着20 km以上的长大铁路隧道及隧道群数量的不断增加,其防灾救援问题日益引起人们的关注。为获得长大铁路隧道及隧道群救援设施的规划方案,在对国内外长大铁路隧道及隧道群进行大量调研的基础上,按列车停车安全距离、火源长度和火灾烟气影响范围将铁路隧道群进行了细化。定义相邻隧道洞口间距小于250 m的铁路隧道为毗邻铁路隧道群,其紧急救援站设置主要考虑隧道内的紧急疏散通道、排烟、站台的加宽和洞口段的扩大;相邻隧道洞口间距在250~400 m的铁路隧道为连续隧道群,不设置紧急救援站;相邻隧道洞口间距大于400 m的铁路隧道为单体铁路隧道,其紧急救援站设置考虑横通道设置和洞内排烟模式。

With the increases in number of long railway tunnels longer than 20km and tunnel groups, people are increasingly concerned about the issue of disaster prevention and rescue. In order to program the types of rescue facilities in long railway tunnel and tunnel group, based on a large number of research on railway tunnels and tunnel groups at home and abroad, the railway tunnel group were refined by parking safe distance, length of fire source and scope of fire smoke. Spacing of adjacent tunnel entrance less than 250m rail tunnel was definition as adjacent railway tunnel group. Rescue station was set up with the main consideration of emergency evacuation passageway, smoke in tunnel, platform widened and expansion of hole section. Continuous tunnel group is that the spacing of adjacent tunnel entrance varies in 250 m - 400 m of railway tunnels, emergency stop do not be set. Single railway tunnel is that spacing of adjacent tunnel entrance is greater than 400m rail tunnel, the rescue station consider horizontal channel setting and inside exhaust mode.