民主理论的实用主义转向

The Pragmatic Turn in Democratic Theory

罗尔斯很重要的思想贡献是提出新兴的政治领域概念。他的思想经历过一次转折,即民主理论的实用主义转向,也就是从道德的形而上学证明转向政治的证明。这次转折使罗尔斯从康德式建构主义转到政治建构主义,并在强调宪政主义的基础上在宪政主义与公共理性之间建立联系。这种转向面临三个合法性问题:首先,新宪政主义形式的意义;其次,非自由社会中民主的公民身份的可能性;最后,国际法的宪政化问题。

The very important contribution of Rawls is his conception of the emerging domain of the political.And his thinking experienced a turn,which this author labels it as the pragmatic turn in the democratic theory,which is a move from the moral metaphysical justification toward the political justification.This step leads Rawls turns away from Kantian constructivism to political constructivism and build up the link between constitutionalism and public reason on the foundation of the emphasis on constitutionalism.And this turn confronts three questions of legitimacy:first,the significance of new forms of constitutionalism,second,the possibility of democratic citizenship in non-liberal societies,and third the question of the constitutionalization of international law.