自然凝聚:多民族中国形成轨迹的理论解读

The Theoretical Interpretation on Formation Process of Multinational China:Natural Agglomeration

"民族国家"理论不能准确解读多民族中国形成的历史。在由传统王朝国家向近现代主权国家转变的视角下,对多民族中国形成的轨迹从自成体系的环境及独特的"族群"观、"中国"含义由指称"王幾"到指称多民族国家的变化、"大一统"是多民族国家建构的主导思想、多民族国家建构主导者的换位及多民族国家国民建构的努力等方面做了理论解读。认为在民族国家或国民国家、近现代主权国家的理论传入东亚之前,中华大地上的众多族群在建立众多王朝或政权的同时一方面推动着多民族国家的形成,多民族国家是中华大地上被称为"夏"的农耕族群和被称为"夷"的族群共同创造的;另一方面也实现着对区域内族群的不断整合,"中华民族"概念是凝聚的最终结果的体现。"自然凝聚"是多民族国家疆域和国民(中华民族)形成轨迹的突出特点。

This paper, based on the transition view of China from the imperial country to the sovereign country, discussed the concept of unique ethnic groups in the formation process of multinational China, the meaning of China referring to the change from imperial--centered country to multinational country, unification being the dominant idea of constructing the multinational country, and the leader changes in the process of constructing the multinational country. This paper believes a large number of ethnic groups established the imperial states and also pushed forward the formation of multinational country, which was the result of naturalagglomerationbetween agricultural population and nomadic groups, and in the integration process of ethnic groups. Therefore, naturalagglomeration became the prominent feature in the formation of multinational country of Chinese nation.