1960年代中国核燃料后处理技术抉择过程研究——兼论苏联核援助与中国自主研发的关系（英文）

A Study on the Process of the Choice of Nuclear Reprocessing Technology in 1960s China

核燃料后处理是苏联对华核援助的一项关键技术。1960年代中期,中国放弃了苏联援助的沉淀法后处理工艺,改用自主研发的萃取工艺。萃取法后处理工厂的建成标志着中国后处理技术跨入国际先进水平的行列。本文深入考察了中国后处理技术在苏联援助与自主研发之间艰难抉择的来龙去脉,分析了影响工艺抉择的学术性和非学术性因素。同时,本文对苏联在援助中国后处理技术方面是否有所保留进行了探讨。

Nuclear reprocessing is a key technology of the Soviet nuclear aid to China. In the middle of the 1960s, China finally abandoned the Soviet reprocessing technology and switched to more advanced method developed independently. The technology and its application in nuclear fuel reprocessing plants made China one of the leading countries in this field throughout the world. The origin and development of the tough choice of reprocessing technology between two technical routes is reviewed in this paper. It indicates that the Soviet did not intend to provide backward technology.