锯谷盗危害对贮藏期金银花化学成分的影响

Effect of damage by Oryzaephilus surinamensis on the chemical components of honeysuckle

通过试虫侵害试验,在室内测定了锯谷盗危害后金银花化学成分含量的变化。结果表明:锯谷盗虫口密度和危害时间对贮藏期金银花化学成分有显著的影响,其蛋白质、总糖、总黄酮、绿原酸及维生素C含量均下降。在200、400、600、800和1 000头/kg虫口密度下,危害7 d时金银花的蛋白质含量分别比对照下降了1.43%、3.21%、5.14%、7.81%和9.54%;总糖含量分别下降了0.24%、1.37%、2.15%、3.28%和4.17%;总黄酮含量分别下降了1.25%、1.84%、2.43%、3.51%和4.32%;绿原酸含量分别下降了0.29%、0.60%、0.93%、1.28%和1.56%;维生素C含量分别下降了0.02%、0.06%、0.09%、0.13%和0.15%。随着危害时间的延长,各成分含量不断下降,在同一时间下,各成分含量随着虫口密度的升高而下降。相关性分析表明,金银花的蛋白质、总糖、总黄酮、绿原酸及维生素C含量与锯谷盗的虫口密度和危害时间均呈显著的负相关(P<0.05)。方差分析显示,锯谷盗虫口密度和危害时间的交互作用对金银花上述各成分含量的影响不显著(P>0.05)。

Sumnmry The stable ecological environment of the warehouse for storage of grain, Chinese herbal medicine and tobacco provided good condition for growth of pests, thus caused mass propagation of pests. Rapid propagation of pests on stored grain has brought substantial economic loss to farmers. Many previous studies have showed that pest damage affected not only the quantity, but also the quality of stored grain. Therefore, study on the effect of pest damage on chemical composition of the hoard could provide a scientific basis for safe storage. Honeysuckle was one of the rare Chinese herbal medicine with disease prevention and healthcare functions, such as heat-clearance and detoxification, anti-inflammation and dispelling swollen. It had a long cultivation history in Anhui Province, and has been rated as one of demonstration varieties of authentic Chinese herbal medicine in GAP （good agricultural practice for Chinese crude drugs） bases. However, honeysuckle was damaged by many pests after harvest, because of the backward storage conditions and management measures during the storage period. Oryzaephilus surinamensis which belongs to Silvanidae within Coleoptera, was one of the pests on honeysuckle, caused great economic loss to farmers and enterprises. In this study, the chemical component variations of honeysuckle after damaged by 0. surinamensis was tested in the laboratory, to investigate the effect of O. sur/namens/s damage on the chemical components of honeysuckle during the storage period. In the experiment, we set five population densities of pests （200, 400, 600, 800 and 1 000 individual/kg）, and the protein, total sugar, total flavonoid, chlorogenic acid and vitamin C contents of honeysuckle were tested after fed by O. surinamensis for 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 d using Kjeldahl determination method, anthrone colorimetry and ultraviolet spectroscopy method separately. The chemical component contents of honeysuckle not fed by O. surinamensis were also tested as controls, and three repetitions were proceeded. The result showed that the population density and damage time of O. surinamensis had significant effect on the chemical components of honeysuckle, and the protein, total sugar, total flavonoid, chlorogenic acid and vitamin C contents all declined after O. surinamensis damage. Under the population densities of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1 000 individual/kg, the protein contents of honeysuckle declined by 1.43%, 3.21%, 5.14%, 7.81% and 9.54% respectively, compared with the control after damage time of 7 d. The total sugar contents declined by 0.24%, 1.37%, 2.15%, 3.28% and 4.17% respectively; the total flavonoid contents declined by 1.25%, 1.84%, 2.43%, 3.51% and 4.32% respectively; the chlorogenic acid contents declined by 0.29%, 0.60%, 0.93%, 1.28% and 1.56% respectively; and the vitamin C contents declined by 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.13% and 0.15% respectively. With the extension of damage time, the content of each component continuously declined. Under the same damage time, the content of each component declined with the increase of population density. The correlation analysis indicated that the protein, total sugar, total flavonoids, chlorogeuic acid and vitamin C contents were all negatively correlated to the population density and damage time of O. sttrinamensis （P 〈 0.05）. Two-way analysis of variance showed that, no significant effect was observed between the interaction of population density and damage time on each component of honeysuckle （P 〉 0.05）. In conclusion, O. sur/namens/s damage on honeysuckle could cause decline of the chemical component eontents, and quality decrease of honeysuckle.