系统化护理对乳腺癌患者化疗期间负性情绪和生活质量的影响

Effect of systematic nursing on negative emotion and quality of life in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy

目的探讨系统化护理对乳腺癌患者化疗期间负性情绪和生活质量的影响。方法选取2010年8月至2015年8月间青岛市肿瘤医院收治的104例乳腺癌化疗患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分成观察组和对照组,每组52例。观察组患者在常规护理基础上予以系统化护理,对照组患者仅采用常规护理。观察并比较护理前后两组患者生活质量量表简表评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、简易癌因性疲乏量表(BFI)评分和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)相关指标的变化情况。结果两组患者护理前生活质量、HAMA、HAMD、FBI和PSQI评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),护理后,对照组患者生理、心理、社会和环境评分分别为(9.11±1.78)分、(8.12±1.32)分、(9.94±1.23)分和(9.84±1.33)分,观察组患者上述指标分别为(11.11±1.47)分、(9.97±1.47)分、(11.53±1.54)分和(11.12±1.44)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对照组患者护理后睡眠效率、入睡时间、睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能和催眠药物评分分别为(2.52±0.63)分、(2.22±0.46)分、(2.36±0.31)分、(2.24±0.29)分、(2.02±0.24)分、(2.25±0.25)分和(2.39±0.47)分,观察组患者上述评分分别为(2.22±0.47)分、(1.78±0.34)分、(1.83±0.25)分、(1.15±0.24)分、(1.46±0.16)分、(1.74±0.23)分和(1.72±0.34)分,观察组显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对照组患者护理后HAMA、HAMD和BFI评分分别为(17.83±4.12)分、(18.24±3.16)分和(69.57±5.14)分,观察组患者上述评分相对应分别为(9.35±3.15)分、(9.25±1.58)分和(20.45±3.16)分,观察组显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论系统化护理可降低乳腺癌患者化疗期间负性情绪,提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of systematic nursing on negative emotion and quality of life in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy. Methods From August 2010 to August 2015,104 patients with breast cancer treated at Qingdao Tumor Hospital were selected as research subjects. Patients were divided into an observation group and a control group by random indicator method with 52 patients in each group. The observation group was given systematic nursing based on routine nursing and the control group was only given routine nursing. Changes in scores of quality of life scale,Hamilton Anxiety Scale（ HAMA）,Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD）,simple cancer related fatigue scale（ BFI） score and Pittsburgh sleep quality index（ PSQI） were observed and before and after nursing. Results There was no significant difference in quality of life,HAMA,HAMD,FBI and PSQI scores between the two groups before nursing（ P〈0. 05）. After nursing,the control group physical and psychological,social and environmental score was（ 11. 11 ± 1. 47）,（ 9. 97 ± 1. 47）,（ 11. 53 ± 1. 54） and（ 11. 12 ± 1. 44） respectively for the observation group and（ 9. 11 ± 1. 78）,（ 8. 12 ± 1. 32）,（ 9. 94 ± 1. 23） and（ 9. 84 ± 1. 33） respectively for the the control group（ P〈0. 05）. After nursing,sleep efficiency,time to sleep,sleep quality,sleep time,sleep disorders,daytime function and sleep medication score was（ 2. 22 ± 0. 47）,（ 1. 78 ± 0. 34）,（ 1. 83 ± 0. 25）,（ 1. 15 ± 0. 24）,（ 1. 46 ± 0. 16）,（ 1. 74 ± 0. 23） and（ 1. 72 ± 0. 34）,respectively for the observation group which was significantly better than（ 2. 52 ± 0. 63）,（ 2. 22 ± 0. 46）,（ 2. 36 ± 0. 31）,（ 2. 24 ± 0. 29）,（ 2. 02 ± 0. 24）,（ 2. 25 ± 0. 25） and（ 2. 39 ± 0. 47） of the control group（ P〈0. 05）.HAMA,HAMD and BFI scores after nursing was（ 9. 35 ± 3. 15）,（ 9. 25 ± 1. 58） and（ 20. 45 ± 3. 16） respectively for the observation group which was significantly better than（ 17. 83 ± 4. 12）,（ 18. 24 ± 3. 16）and（ 69. 57 ± 5. 14） of the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Systematic nursing can decrease the negative emotion and improve the quality of life in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy.