教育城镇化的异化样态反思及积极建设思路

Reflection on Alienation and Positive Construction Ideas of Education Urbanization in China

从教育城镇化与城镇化协调性看,出现了教育排斥型城镇化、教育吸引型城镇化与撤校推动型城镇化三种教育城镇化异化样态。教育城镇化异化对城乡教育以及卷入异化的教育城镇化中的学生与家庭产生不良影响,人口流入主导型城市教育扩容压力大,随迁子女入学难;教育发展不均衡县域的县镇巨班大校问题突出,进城上学代价大;学龄人口减少的乡村学校小规模化,学生去留困扰多。针对上述问题,需要研究教育城镇化的积极发展思路,走出城乡教育的优劣思维,建立城乡教育特质思维;体现向农性、城乡积极差异,推进城乡教育发展均衡化;优化城乡教育组织治理行为,建立问题友好型教育城镇化治理模式。

From the perspective of the coordination between education urbanization and urbanization, in the process of education urbanization,there appears three alienation types： Education-exclusive-mode urbanization, education-attractive-mode urbanization and school consolidation-driven-mode urbanization. Education urbanization alienation has a negative impact not only on urban and rural education, but also students and their families involved in education urbanization alienation. The pressure of education expansion is high in population immigration-led cities, and it is difficult for migrant workers＂ children to enroll. There are giant classes and large schools in the towns in the counties where the education development is not balanced, and it take big costs to go to school in the towns. Rural schools with school-age population declining are becoming smaller and smaller and there are a lot of troubles of leave or stay for the children and their parents. It is necessary to explore the positive development ideas of education urbanization. The positive development ideas are as follows： to get out of the thinking that the urban education is good and the rural education is bad and establish the thinking that the urban education is different from the rural one; to embody the rural-preference orientation and the positive difference between urban and rural education and promote the balanced development of urban and rural education; to optimize urban and rural education governance and establish problem-friendly governance mode of education urbanization.