教师工作环境满意度再考察——基于激励-保健理论的实证研究

Perception of Working Conditions for the Teachers Profession:Empirical Evidence framedby Herzberg's Theory

通过对广东省东莞市某镇5所初中教师工作环境满意度的调查,笔者检验了"激励-保健"双因素假说在教师职业群体中的理论效度。因子分析的结果显示,教师的职业效用大致来自外部的物理工作环境和内在的精神回报两个方面,后者又细分为社会评价、人际关系和职业认同三个子维度,大致对应赫兹伯格(Frederick Herzberg)理论中的"激励因素"。将因子得分作为结果变量的进一步回归分析表明,在外部环境满意度维度上,民办外来务工人员子女学校教师的满意度明显低于主要为当地户籍居民服务的公办学校同行。本研究对政府规划外来务工人员子女的公共基础教育服务设施、管理者提高学校组织效能有重要参考意义。

Based on self-collected data from 5 middle schools located in Dongguan where many outbound migrant workers flowed into for temporary jobs, the author tests Herzberg＇s Motivator-Hygiene hypothesis in teaching profession. In general, factor-loading patterns show that teachers＂ occupational utilities are derived from both physical working conditions and psychic rewards, the latter of which is further categorized into clientele evaluation, inter-personal relationship and professional identity. Regression analyses reveal that schools serving migrant works＂ children are inferior to the local public schools in terms of physical environment, but not necessarily the case for psychological aspects which are contributed to motivators according to Fredrick Herzberg. Policy implications for this study isobvious as far as improving organizational effectiveness and working amenities for those private schools offering public service of comparable quality to disadvantaged migrants is concerned.