宪法解释权分配的理论模型分析--以“本位主义”为中心

An Analysis of the Theoretical Model of Constitutional Interpretation Centered on “Departmentalism”

在分权模式下,"本位主义"主张所有政府分支都享有宪法解释权,宪法解释权遵循"民主"的分配原则。而社会力量则通过政府分支间接参与宪法解释活动,享有实质宪法解释权。"多元"参与者的偏好共同决定了宪法的最终含义。"本位主义"中政府分支的宪法解释受到制度性分权产生的"外生性"制约和政府分支内部的"内生性"制约,但"外生性"制约居于主要地位。"本位主义"对权利性质和权利冲突解决采取了政治化的处理,彰显了以平等化和实质性参与为表征的"民主"过程的合宪性和正当程序性。

Under the mode of decentralization, ＂Departmentalism＂ advocates that all branches of the government have the right to interpret the constitution. The power of constitutional interpretation follows the principle of ＂democracy＂. The social forces enjoy the substantive power to interpret the constitution, which are indirectly involved in the interpretation of the constitution through the government branches. The preference of the ＂multiple＂ participants determines the ultimate meaning of the Constitution. The constitutional interpretation of the government branches in the ＂Departmentalism＂ is restricted by the ＂exogenous＂ con- straints arising from the decentralization and the ＂endogenous＂ restriction in the branch of the government. But the restriction of ＂exogenous＂ occupies the main position. The doctrine of ＂Departmentalism＂ takes the political treatment to the nature of right and the conflict of rights. It shows the constitutionality and due process of the democratic process characterized by equality and substantive participation.