行为经济学和心理学对于决策悖论问题的解释

Interpretation of Behavioral Economics and Psychology about Decision-making Paradox

西方经济学在风险决策理论中存在缺陷,表现为预期效用理论无法解释诸多的决策悖论。行为经济学所倚重的前景理论虽然能够解释悖论问题,但是未能真正揭示悖论问题产生的心理学机理,其本质上只是对实验数据形而上的总结。这导致行为经济学和行为金融学的诸多模型缺乏统一的理论框架,呈现碎片化状态。现代心理学把情绪作为影响决策问题的重要变量。情绪理论中的预期情绪可以带来附加效用,因而后悔理论和失望理论可以作为预期效用理论的修正和补充。情绪理论中的即时情绪可以通过群体心理影响群体决策,能够用来解释市场经济中的极端现象。西方经济学的决策理论需要与心理学的情绪理论相融合以解决其理论缺陷。

Western economics has some shortcomings in the theory of risk decision-making because the expected utility theory could hardly explain various decision-making paradoxes. Thought the prospect theory that behavioral economics relies on could explain the paradoxes, it cannot really disclose the psychological mechanism caused by paradoxes. In fact, it is only a metaphysical summary of the experimental data, which leads to the lack of a uni- fied theoretical framework of behavioral economics and behavioral finance, showing a fragmented state. Modern psychology regards emotions as an important variable in influencing decision-making. The anticipating emotion in emotional theory can bring additional effects, so the as the correctional alternative and supplement of the motional theory can influence group decision-making theory of regret and the theory of disappointment can be used expected utility theory. The immediately-felt emotion in e- through group psychology and can be used to explain the ex- treme phenomenon in the market economy. The decision-making ed with the emotional theory of psychology to solve its theoretical theory of western economics should be integrat- flaws.