APEC会议期间呼和浩特市大气污染防控与气象条件分析

Analysis of air pollution control measures and meteorological conditions in Hohhot during the APEC meeting

利用2014年10月14日至11月13日欧亚地区高空和地面气象常规观测资料、NCEP再分析资料及内蒙古环境监测中心站的污染物浓度监测资料和AQI日资料,分析了APEC会议前后呼和浩特市大气污染防控效果及气象条件的作用。结果表明:2014年10月14—25日内蒙古自治区实施大气污染防控前,呼和浩特市轻度及以上污染日数比2013年同期上升37.5%;10月26日开始采取减排措施,污染颗粒物浓度大幅下降,呼和浩特市轻度及以上污染日数比2013年同期下降100.0%。大气污染防控期间,中国华北地区出现了4次较明显的冷空气活动,较强的冷平流由中高层侵入地面,呼和浩特市风力加大,有利于污染物扩散,4次冷空气活动全部对应呼和浩特市空气质量指数AQI最低值。因此,APEC会议期间呼和浩特市空气质量达优良等级,可能是结合了气象条件进行的政府防控取得了显著效果。

The effects of air pollution prevention and control and the role of meteorological conditions during the APEC meeting in Hohhot were analyzed, based on the upper and surface meteorological conventional observations over the Eurasian region,the NCEP （National Centers for Environmental Prediction） reanalysis data,and the mo- nitoring data of pollutant concentration and daily AQI （ Air Quality Index） from the environmental monitoring central station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from October 14 to November 13,2014. The results show that before air pollution prevention and control measures were carried out in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the number of days with the light and upper levels of air pollution in Hohhot during October 14-25,2014 is 37. 5% higher than that during the same period of 2013. With the measures taken on October 26, the concentrations of contamination particulate matter decrease significantly, and the number of days with the light and upper levels of air pollution in Hohhot decreases by 100. 0% in 2014 than that in the same period of 2013. There are four times of ob- vious cold air activities in North China during the period of air pollution prevention and control. Strong cold advec- tion flows intrude to the ground from the middle and upper levels, and wind speed increases in Hob.hot, resulting in favorable meteorological conditions for the diffusion of air pollutants. The four times of cold air activities all corre- spond to the smallest values of AQI in Hohhot. Therefore, the air quality in Hohhot achieved excellent level during the APEC meeting, which is probably due to the significant effects of government prevention and control measures based on meteorological conditions.