汕头地区临床护理人员中医体质调查与分析

Survey and analysis on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of clinical nursing staff in Shantou district

目的调查与分析汕头地区临床护理人员中医体质特点和影响因素。方法 600例临床护理人员(400例健康人群,180例亚健康人群,20例疾病人群),采用问卷调查法,使用结构式问卷进行横断面调查。分析临床护理人员中医体质分布的现状、对比不同健康状况人群的平和体质和偏颇体质。结果 400例健康人群中,占比最高的体质类型为平和质56%(224例),偏颇体质44%(176例);180例亚健康人群中,平和质占比13%(23例),偏颇体质87%(157例);20例疾病人群中,平和质占比30%(6例),偏颇体质70%(14例)。在健康人群和亚健康人群中,健康人群平和质人数明显更多(P<0.05);在健康人群和疾病人群中,健康人群平和质人数明显更多(P<0.05);在亚健康和疾病人群中,亚健康人群平和质人数明显更多(P<0.05)。健康人群存在较大的偏颇体质倾向,预示着需注意防范亚健康和疾病的发生。通过Logistic回归分析,亚健康的高危中医体质为气虚质和气郁质,这两种中医体质的人群更容易出现亚健康的状态。结论临床护理人员的健康状态和中医体质具有密切的关系,必须加强亚健康的防治宣传,对不同体质的护理人员进行体质调理,防治气虚和气郁,以免发生亚健康和疾病。

Objective To survey and analysis of traditional Chinese medicine constitution features of clinical nursing staff in Shantou district and its influence factors. Methods A total of 600 clinical nursing staff（400 healthy population, 180 sub-health population and 20 disease population） received cross-sectional study with structured questionnaire of questionnaire method. Analysis was made on current situation of distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution in clinical nursing staff, and comparison was made on mild physical and biased constitution in different health status. Results Among 400 health population, mild physical had the highest proportion as 56%（224 cases）, and biased constitution accounted for 44%（176 cases）. Among 180 subhealth population, mild physical accounted for 13%（23 cases） and biased constitution accounted for 87%（157 cases）. Among 20 disease population, mild physical accounted for 30%（6 cases） and biased constitution accounted for 70%（14 cases）. In health and sub-health population, health population had obviously more mild physical cases（P〈0.05）, in health and disease population, health population had obviously more mild physical cases（P〈0.05）, and in sub-health and disease population, sub-health population had obviously more mild physical cases（P〈0.05）. Health population with biased constitution tendency indicated that more attention should be payed to prevention of occurrence of sub-health and disease. According to Logistic regression analysis, high risk traditional Chinese medicine constitution of sub-health contains vital energy deficiency constitution and qi-stagnation constitution, and traditional Chinese medicine constitution population of these two types is more prone to sub-health state. Conclusion The health status of clinical nursing staff has a close correlation with constitution of traditional Chinese medicine, and the health prevention propaganda must be strengthened. Physical conditioning must be made on nursing staff of different constitution to prevent qi deficiency and depression, so as to avoid sub-health and disease.