农村女性外出务工的障碍及其对策——以农村女性平等就业权保障为视角

An Analysis of Obstacles for Female Migrant Workers' Employment——From the Perspective of Protection of Rural Women's Equal Employment Rights

受父权制、城乡二元社会保障制度以及就业竞争力等因素的影响,农村女性外出务工较农村男性以及城镇女性面临更多的障碍,其合法权益更易被剥夺,遭遇就业歧视的情形更为普遍,性权利被剥夺或被侵犯的可能性更大,婚姻解体和家庭离散的风险更高。通过制度建设和文化传承的创新,破解农村女性外出务工的体制和机制障碍,提升农村女性外出务工的就业竞争力,不仅是农村女性平等就业权保障的需要,还是农村婚姻家庭、社会稳定的需要和制度正义的要求。

With the influence of patriarchy, dual social security system in urban and rural areas and employment competitiveness, rural women are facing more obstacles than rural males and urban women, and their legitimate rights and interests are more vulnerable to be deprived and encounter more discrimination. What＇s more, their sexual rights are more likely to be violated. There is also a higher risk of marital disintegration and family disintegration. Through innovation in system construction and inheritance of rural family culture, breaking the mechanism obstacles which making female migrant workers have the same rights with urban women and enhancing the employment competitiveness of migrant rural women is beneficial to guarantee the equal employment rights of rural women and strengthen the rural family and the social stability. At the same time, it is the requirements of social stability and institutional justice.