从民族心理与文化调适看民国时期基督教在新疆的发展

The Spread and Development of Christianity in Xinjiang During the Period of the Republic of China from the Perspectives of National Psychology and Cultural Adjustment

民国时期是基督教在新疆传播和发展的重要历史时期,其传播状况深刻反映了帝国主义列强在新疆的利益争夺和国际趋势的重大变迁。由于民国时期新疆军阀治新的宗教政策及西方传教士所采用的传教策略和目的,导致了基督教在新疆的传播失败。基督教文化要植根于新疆,必须寻求它与新疆各民族传统文化的合理生长点,任何外部的嫁接或取代都很难奏效。不同民族间的宗教文化交流和发展中的文化冲突、文化调适则是跨文化交流和创新的必要途径。

The period of the Republic of China is an important historical stage of the spread and development of Christianity in Xinjiang, its spreading situation profoundly reflects the interests of the imperialist powers in Xinjiang and the international trends during that period. Due to the religious policies adopted by Xinjiang warlords during the period of the Republic of China and the missionary strategies and purposes adopted by the western missionaries, Christianity was destined to fail in Xinjiang. The spread of Christian culture in Xinjiang must be compatible with the traditional cultures of every nation in Xinjiang. Otherwise, any external ＂grafting＂ or ＂replacement＂ is doomed to he unsuccessful. At the same time, it is necessary to consider specific national psychology, and the cultural conflicts and cultural adjustment in the process of religious cultural exchanges among different ethnic groups when undertaking intercultural communication and cultural innovation.