徐州北郊煤矿区优势植物调查及重金属富集特征研究

Study on Dominant Plants and Enrichment Characteristics of Heavy Metal from a Coal Mine Area in Northern Xuzhou

以徐州北郊煤矿区本土植物为研究对象,通过测定植物及土壤中的Pb、Cu和Zn 3种重金属含量,研究优势植物对不同重金属的富集能力.调查发现区域内共有草本植物24种,分属24属12科,其中优势植物8种.结果表明,矿区土壤中的Pb、Cu和Zn的平均含量分别为徐州市背景值的1.56、1.10和2.70倍.其中小飞蓬(Erigeron annuus)对Pb、Cu和Zn的转运系数分别为1.01、1.42和1.12;野艾蒿(Artemisia lavandulaefolia)中Zn的含量超出正常范围,高达164.16 mg/kg,且对Zn的转移和富集系数分别达到2.08和1.13.两种植物均具有一定的重金属富集潜力,可考虑作为本土煤矿区生态修复的修复植物.

In this paper, the contents of Pb, Cu and Zn in the plants and soil from a coal mine area in north- ern Xuzhou were examined, to study the enrichment ability of the dominant plants for different heavy metals. 24 species （24 genera, 12 families） of herbaceous plants in the region were found, including the 8 dominant plants. The results indicated that the average contents of Pb, Cu and Zn in the soil were 1.56, 1.10 and 2.70 times to the background values of Xuzhou, and the content of Pb was positively correlated with Cu and Zn （P 〈 0.01 ）. The transfer coefficient of Erigeron annuus was more than 1.00,being 1.01 for Pb, being 1.42 for Cu and being 1. 12 for Zn. The content of Zn in Artemisia lavandulaefolia was higher than the normal range, which reached 164.16 mg/kg, even, the plant＇s transfer coefficient and enrichment factor of Zn were 2.08 and 1.13. This two plants had the ability to enrichment the heavy metal, which can be used as a remedi- ation for the ecological restoration of the local coal mine area.