探析植物体胚发生的关键基因

Evaluation and Analysis of Key Genes in Plant Somatic Embryogenesis

体细胞胚胎是植物离体再生的高效方式及遗传转化的理想受体,也是进行科学研究的理想体系;但是从体细胞转变为胚性细胞的过程是复杂的基因调控网络调控的,在这其中,BABY BOOM/WUSCHEL/LEAFY COTYLEDON/MYB115等转录因子处于体胚调控网络的上游,能够带动下游相关基因的响应从而启动了体细胞胚胎的发生,起着"画龙点睛"的关键作用,是启动体胚发生"按钮"和调控体胚发育的"开关"。本综述分析了上述关键基因在启动体细胞胚胎发生及体胚发育和器官再生等过程中的作用,及探讨了从分子水平调控体胚发生的研究体系。认为,在化学诱导表达体系下操纵BABY BOOM和WUSCHEL基因的表达是启动体胚发生及提高植物再生能力的最有效的调控系统,无论同源和异源表达均表现出明显的功能和诱导体胚发生形成的作用,对于科研和生产均具有重要的价值和意义。

Somatic embryos are an efficient way of plant regeneration in vitro and an ideal receptor for genetic transformation. They are ideal systems for scientific research. However, the process of transformation from somatic cells to embryogenic cells is regulated by a complex gene regulatory network. BABY BOOM/WUSCHEL/ LEAFY COTYLEDON/MYB115 and other transcription factors in the somatic embryo regulatory network upstream, can drive the downstream related gene response to start the somatic embryogenesis, plays a ＂Finishing touch＂ key role is to start somatic embryos ＂Button＂ and the ＂Switch＂ that regulates somatic embryo development. This review analyzes the roles of these key genes in the initiation of somatic embryogenesis and somatic embryogenesis and organ regeneration, and explores the research system that regulates somatic embryogenesis from molecular level. It is believed that manipulation of BABY BOOM and WUSCHEL genes under the chemically induced expression system is the most effective regulatory system for initiation of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. Both homologous and heterologous expression show significant function and induction of somatic embryos The role of the formation, for scientific research and production are of great value and significance.