家蚕茧丝性状的遗传基础研究

Basic Researches of the Genetics of Cocoon Traits in Silkworm

蚕业是中国农业的重要组成部分,对经济建设和人民生活具有重要意义。丝绸及相关产业使用的原料为茧丝,茧丝性状可谓被直接利用的家蚕最重要的经济性状,主要由蚕品种遗传基础决定。因此,茧丝性状的遗传学研究一直是蚕业科技的重要领域,备受家蚕育种学家关注。然而,茧丝性状为数量性状,其遗传基础的解析是蚕学研究的难点之一。鉴于对茧丝性状遗传控制机制的认识对于家蚕育种的重要意义,从经典遗传到分子层面均具有众多研究,但至今尚无任一控制家蚕茧丝性状的QTL位点获得功能上的实验验证。本文综述了该领域的主要研究进展。

Sericulture is a most important part of China^ agriculture, which has great significance for economic construction and people’s livelihood. The raw material used for silk fabrics and the related industries is the cocoon filaments. Cocoon traits are important economic characters used directly in silkworm, which depend on the genetic basis of the silkworm variety. Therefore, genetic research of cocoon traits has long attracted silkworm breeders’ attention and is an important area in sericulture science and technology. However, to dissect the genetic basis of cocoon traits, which show a quantitative heredity, is one of the difficulties in sericulture research. Given that un-derstanding the regulation mechanism of cocoon traits is of great significance to silkworm breeding,many studies have been done from classical genetics to the molecular level but so far no function verification has yet been completed for cocoon quantitative trait loci （QTLs） in silkworm. Herein, we give a review of the main advances this field.