陈靖姑造像“三身”现象探析

On “Three Bodies” Phenomenon of the Statues of Goddess Chen Jinggu

陈靖姑造像"三身"现象出现的时间最迟在明代已经明确地完成分化;其造像的类型分化并非陈靖姑本人所能决定的,而是由民间的需求、信众的期待共同造就的,与其神格提升也密切相关。陈靖姑造像的供奉方式主要有宫庙供奉、民家供奉、道坛供奉三种形式。针对"三身"的出现次序,认为就神造像本身而言,由于头衔叠加的原理,后代的神造像一定在神格、装束和形制上越来越高级别。

'Three bodies'of the statues of goddess Chen Jinggu were definitely divided in the Ming Dynasty at latest. The three bodies were not determined by Chen Jinggu,but by the folk demands and worshippers' expectation. Besides,they were closely related to the increased divinity of the goddess. Chen Jinggu statues are mostly placed in temples,private houses and Taoist mandalas. As for the emergence order of the'three bodies',the paper believes that the statues which appeared later were improved in such aspects as their divinity,clothes and shape,due to the increasing titles for Chen Jinggu.