应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型技术的评估研究

Evaluation of emergency rapid ABO and RhD solid-phase blood grouping

目的现有血型鉴定、交叉配血等技术难以满足应急输血的需求,应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型技术克服了现有技术在突发事件条件下使用的缺陷。文中旨在探讨应用应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型技术进行应急血型检测的可行性。方法选择2016年2月至2016年7月南京医科大学附属江宁医院输血科常规住院拟输血、申请血型鉴定的患者1258例。所有患者抽取静脉血3m L,EDTA抗凝。血型鉴定于标本送达后4h内完成,在不同的温度条件下(4、22和37℃),采用应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型试剂检测患者的全血样本,以微柱凝胶卡法结果为对照,评估应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型技术的准确性和特异性。结果与微柱凝胶卡法比较,应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型试剂对所有全血样本定型符合率均为100%。应急快速ABO及RhD固相法各温度下温度适应性检测结果的符合率均为100%。结论应急快速ABO及RhD固相法血型定型技术具有良好的准确性,适合应急血型初筛。

Objective The existing techniques for blood type identification and cross-matching cannot meet the needs of e-mergency blood transfusion. This study was to investigate the feasibility of using emergency rapid ABO and RhD solid-phase blood grouping for emergency blood typing. Methods This study included 1258 subjects waiting for blood transfusion or applying for blood typing in Jiangning Hospital from February to July 2016. We obtained 3 mL of venous blood form each of them for EDTA anticoagulation test,accomplished blood type identification within 4 hours after sample collection, detected the whole blood samples using emergency rapid ABO and RhD solid-phase blood grouping at different temperatures （4 , 2 2 ,and 3 7℃） , and evaluated the accuracy and specific-ity of emergency rapid ABO and RhD solid-phase blood grouping in comparison with the results of the micro-gel test. Results The blood types determined at different temperatures by emergency rapid ABO and Rh solid-phase blood grouping showed a 100% consisten-cy with the results of the micro-gel test. Conclusion Emergency rapid ABO and RhD solid-phase blood grouping have a reliable ac-curacy in emergency blood typing.