马克思主义是一种最彻底的人道主义——沙夫著作中对马克思主义的定位

Marxism:One of the Most Thorough Humanitarianisms——Schaff's orientation on Marxism in his masterpieces

人道主义具有悠久的历史传统,它构成了人类思想史的重要主题,而且深刻地反映在人类社会的政治、经济、科学、法律等各个方面,并凝结于人类社会的各种制度和秩序中。作为波兰新马克思主义的杰出代表之一,沙夫认真地总结了世界资本主义发展和社会主义实践的经验与教训,细致地分析了存在主义的人道主义的马克思主义和结构主义的反人道主义的马克思主义的意义与不足,较全面地研究了马克思主义发展的历史和逻辑,对马克思主义与人道主义的关系做了深入的探讨,提出马克思主义是一种人道主义。这种人道主义与其他人道主义不同,它有四个方面的特征,它是人类历史上最彻底的人道主义,它表达了现代共产主义运动的本质内容。

Humanity has a long historical tra d itio n, which constitutes an important theme in the history of hu-man thoughts,being deeply reflected in various human social politics, economy, science, law,and it collects in a variety of systems and ordersin human society. As one of the most outstanding representatives of the neo- Marxismin Poland,Schaff carefully summarized the experiences and lessons of the development of capitalism and socialism practice,analyzed the Marxism of humanitarianism and the meanings and weakness of Marxism of anti-humanism of structuralism,taking a comprehensive study of the history and development of the Marxism and a thorough research on the relationship between Marxism and humanism, and raised the Marx doctrine would be a humanitarian.This kind of humanism is different from other humanism,and it has four characteris- tics, remains the most thorough humanitarianism in the history of mankind, representing the essence of modern communism.