南丹矿业活动影响区人尿镉、砷和锑含量特征

Characteristics of Cd,As and Sb in human urine affected by mining activities in Nandan of Guangxi

为评估"有色金属之乡"——南丹典型村庄常住居民体内重金属水平,对矿业活动影响区车河镇、大厂镇和长老乡及对照区六寨镇典型村庄居民尿液Cd、As和Sb含量进行了抽样调查。结果表明,长老乡居民尿Cd平均含量超过参考值的人所占比例高达71.43%,车河镇、大厂镇人尿As含量分别是对照区的1.49倍、1.50倍,车河镇、大厂镇居民尿Sb含量分别是对照区的1.60倍、2.72倍。从不同人群比较结果来看,男性与女性之间尿样Cd、As、Sb含量差异均不显著;不同年龄段之间As、Sb差异均不显著;老年组与壮年组之间Cd差异不显著,但都显著高于未成年组。综合起来看,南丹3个矿业活动影响区的常住居民体内重金属含量水平高于对照区,需要引起关注。

To evaluate the heavy metals in human body from permanent residents affected by mining activities in typical villages of Nandan, the cadmium （Cd） , arsenic （As） and antimony （ Sb） concentrations in their urine were analyzed. Liuzhai town was chosen as a control area which has received negligible influence from the min-ing activities. Results show that there are no significant differences in urine Cd, As and Sb concentrations be-tween samples collected in the summer of 2013 and those collected in the autumn of 2014. Thus, the two bat-ches of samples can represent the true value. There are significant differences in Cd, As and Sb concentration between mining activities affected areas and the control area. The average urinary Cd concentration of the sub-jects form Zhanglao Town exceeds 71. 43% , the reference value. The urinary As concentration of the subjects form Chehe Town and Dachang Town is 1. 50 times and 1. 49 times than that of the control area, respectively. The urinary Sb concentration of the subjects form Chehe Town and Dachang Town is 2. 72 times and 1. 60 times than that of the control area, respectively. Comparing the Cd, As and Sb concentrations among different groups, no significant difference is found between male and female, or among different ages. The urine Cd concentration between the old group and the prime group is not significantly different, but significantly higher than the minor group. To sum up, the heavy metal level in human body of the permanent residents from the three mining activi-ties affected areas is higher than that in the control area.