环境风对消防安全排烟效果影响的研究

Study on the Influence of Environmental Wind on Fire Safety Smoke Exhaustion

在建筑物内采取有效的排烟措施将烟气控制在安全高度以上,对于人员的安全疏散、消防人员灭火救援工作的开展,具有重要意义。文章研究了不同环境风速、风向条件以及排烟口布置方式下的自然消防排烟效果。通过对比各种情况下过排烟口截面上的竖向温度分布可知,当排烟口置于顶棚和背向环境风时,随着环境风速的增大,建筑物内形成涡旋结构,导致烟气与空气掺混加剧,烟气层下降至临界安全高度以下;当排烟口正对环境风时,过大的环境风甚至会导致烟气倒灌,烟气充满整个建筑物,自然排烟失效。

In large space building effective smoke measures to control the flue gas safety height above,for the safety of personnel evacuation of firefighters fire fighting and rescue work is of great significance.In this paper, we researched the influence of different layouts of smoke vent and environmental wind velocities and wind direction.Based on the analysis of temperature distribution in vertical direction,it can be conclude that when some vent is on the ceiling or in the sidewall back to environmental wind,while for smoke vent face the environmental wind,once the wind velocity is large enough,the smoke cannot be exhausted through the upper smoke vents and natural ventilation becomes invalidation.