路表径流冲刷过程中透水沥青道路的污染物释放与截留特性研究

On Characteristics of Pollutant Release and Retention of Permeable Asphalt Road in Surface Runoff Wash Process

海绵城市的兴起使透水性机动车道路的需求大增.一方面,传统的沥青道路修建材料中含大量可挥发和可淋溶的有机物,在修建和使用过程中可能污染环境;另一方面,透水沥青道路为多孔结构,在使用中可能对下渗经过的路表径流中的污染物有吸附截留作用.为明确这两方面的规律,本文以苯酚和铅为研究对象,研究了新建沥青道路的污染物释放规律和使用中沥青道路对路表径流中污染物的截留作用.结果表明,新建沥青道路在路表径流下渗淋溶过程中有大量苯酚释放,而重金属铅没有检出;使用中的沥青道路对下渗经过的苯酚和重金属铅有一定的截留作用.因此,在沥青道路设计和施工中,应有针对性的改善材料成分和道路结构,以减少本身污染物的释放并加强对污染物的截留作用.

The rise of the sponge city makes the increasing demand for water permeable motor road. Tradi-tional previous asphalt road materials contain plenty of organic matter, which may cause pollution to the environment in construction and use process by volatilizing and leaching. On the other hand, permeable as-phalt road is a porous structure, which may cause adsorption and retention of pollutants of road surface runoff when infiltrating through the road. To clear these two aspects, the pollutant release rules of new asphalt road and the pollutant interception effects of in use asphalt road have been researched. In the ex-periments, phenol and heavy metal lead have been chosen as the research objects. Experimental results show that the new asphalt road releases a large number of phenol when surface runoff infiltrating through it, but heavy metal lead not detected in this process. And the used asphalt road can intercept phenol and heavy metal lead when the surface runoff penetrating through the road. Therefore, it is suggested that the composition and structure of road materials be improved in the design and construction, which could reduce the release of pollutants and strengthen the retention of pollutants.