明清之际北部湾地区的“海寇”与海疆经略

A Study of the Pirates in Beibu Gulf and Administration of Sea Territory During Early Qing Period

明清之际,北部湾地区的"海寇"利用清朝集中力量对付南明政权和郑氏集团之机,以钦州湾内的龙门岛为基地,接受南明政权和郑氏集团的招安,发展壮大为控制北部湾洋面的海上势力。随着南明政权退出广西特别是清朝平定"三藩之乱"后,清政府取得北部湾海域的控制权,加强了对北部湾海疆的经略,措施包括建设沿海水师、确立巡洋会哨制度、调整沿海岛屿的军事部署、完善海岸防御设施等,保障了清前期近百年北部湾海域的安宁。

During the early Qing period, the Qing Dynasty centralized its power to deal with the South Ming regime and the Zheng power group. The pirates in＇ Beibu Gulf took the chance, accepted the ruling of the South Ming regime and the Zheng power group, and developed to a sea power reigning on the Beibu Gulf zone, with the Longmen Island in the Qinzhou Bay as its base. Along with the South Ming regime retreating from Guangxi and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories being put down, the Qing Dynasty got the control and strengthened the administration of the Beibu Gulf zone, including setting up the coastal navy, establishing the system of sea inspection, adjusting military deployment of offshore islands, and perfecting the coastal defense facilities. All of these safeguarded the peace of Beibu Gulf zone for nearly 100 years in the early Qing Dynasty.