2014年湖北省中晚籼稻品质分析

Quality analysis of Hubei medium and late nonglutinous rice in 2014

为了解湖北省中晚籼稻品质性状、促进稻谷品质改良提供数据参考。选取湖北省2014年产115个中晚籼稻谷为样本,测定稻谷的碾米品质、化学特性、糊化特性以及蒸煮品质等指标,并利用数理统计分析的方法对其品质指标进行分析。结果表明,在所测定的19项指标中,多数(占77.8%)品质指标的变异系数大于10%,说明本研究收集的稻谷样品处于不同的品质水平,具有较好的代表性。其中分别有99.1%稻谷的出糙率和98.3%整精米率达国家稻谷标准三等的要求,直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、垩白度和垩白粒率分别有70.4%、96.5%、38.3%和21.7%达到国家优质稻谷标准三等的要求。采用主成分分析法对各品质指标进行分析,第一、第二、第三主成分的贡献值分别为37.11%、22.94%和15.37%,第一主成分将稻谷样品大致分为2类,以孝感产区样品为代表的I类稻谷,具有高直链淀粉、高回生值、低衰减值的特点,以荆门市、荆州市等产区样品为代表的II类稻谷,具有低直链淀粉、低回生值、高衰减值的特点。

In order to find out the quality traits of medium and late nonglutinous rice in Hubei province and promote the improvement of rice quality, 115 rice samples harvested in 2014 were selected to deter-mine their milling quality, chemical properties, gelatinization characteristics and cooking quality, and the quality indexes were analyzed by means of mathematical statistics analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the majority （77.8% ） of quality index was more than 1 0 % in the 19 indexes, which indicated that the rice samples collected in this research were in different quality levels and were representative. The brown rice rate of 99. 1 % paddy and the head rice rate of 98.3% paddy reached to the national standard of third - grade paddy, and the amylose content of 7 0.4% paddy, gel consistency of 96. 5% , chalkiness of 38. 3% and chalky kernel percentage of 21.7% reached to the national stand-ard of third - grade paddy. The principal component analysis results showed the contribution values of the first , second and third principal components were 37. 11 % , 22. 9 4 % and 15. 37%. The first principal component divided the rice samples into two categories, the first group of rice from Xiaogan production ar-eas, with the quality characteristics of high amylose, high setback value, and low attenuation value, while the second group of rice from Jinmen and Jingzhou production areas, with the characteristics of low amylose, low setback value and high attenuation value.