康德“理性建筑术”的两种模型

Two Patterns in Kants Conception of Architectonic of Pure Reason

虽然研究者们对康德"理性建筑术"的构想多有批评或者干脆忽视,但康德本人却非常看重它,把它视为人类理性的本性。深入康德文本,具体分析"理性建筑术"的理念、图型和喻像,可以厘清康德这一构想中蕴含的"先天划分"(按照确定的原则对"全体的轮廓"进行不多不少的划分)和"内在生长"(从初始的元素或状态发展出其后的元素或状态)两种模型,以及它们各自的哲学史脉络。而基于当代哲学的有关立场,也可以发现康德这一构想的限度。理性建筑术要求体系的封闭性和内在目的性,它并不适用于充满偶然性的开放体系。

While scholars either criticize Kant’s conception of “architectonic of pure reason” or totally neglect it, Kant himself regards it as an important idea, for human reason is by nature architectonic. This paper, based on a detailed reading of Kant’s original text, discusses the idea, the schema, and the images of “architectonic of pure reason”,distinguishes two patterns in Kant’s conception of “ architectonic” and their respective philosophical context. In the end, this paper, based on certain contemporary perspectives, discusses the limitation of Kant’s conception.