3D打印技术背景下复制权的扩张

The Expansion of Right of Reproduction under 3D Printing

3D打印彻底地减少了中间商在生产中的作用,由此可能引发分散的、非商业化的知识产权侵权浪潮,扰乱既有的著作权市场秩序和利益天平,因此需要重新界定复制权的内涵,将异体复制明确纳入复制权的外延,以解决因立法不明导致理论与实务存在严重分歧的问题。私人复制行为的"合理性判断标准",除了要看是否属于合理使用制度列举的具体行为,还应"不与作品正常利用相冲突"及"不损害作者合法权益"。3D打印技术使现有法律原则的适用面临障碍,征收补偿金和技术保护是目前防范3D打印侵权风险的最佳选择。

3D printing could trigger a decentralized and non-commercial infringement of intellectual property by completely reducing the role of intermediary organ in production, which will disrupt the market order and the existing copyright interests balance. To solve the problem of substantial divergence in theory and practice caused by ambiguous legislation in the right of reproduction, the right of reproduction need be redefined and applied to the foreign copy. A legal private copy is a specific behavior among fair use system, which shouldn＇t conflict with a normal exploitation work and shouldn＇t harm the lawful rights and interests of the author. It＇s difficult for the existing legal principles to apply to 3D printing technology, collection of compensation and technology protection is currently the best choice to prevent infringement risk.