2011—2015年深圳市福永街道正己烷重点职业病监测结果

Monitoring results of the n-hexane occupational diseases in Fuyong Subdistrict of Shenzhen City from 2011-2015

目的调查深圳市福永街道正己烷企业的职业病危害监测情况重点职业病监测,评估深圳市福永街道正己烷企业中岗位哨点的现状,为正己烷重点职业病的防治提供依据和基础。方法收集2011—2015年福永街道申报存在正己烷职业危害的企业现场监测数据及体格检查资料,对所获得的数据进行统计分析。结果 2011—2015年申报存在正己烷危害的企业数分别为550、296、225、175和162家,构成比分别为24.1%、16.0%、14.5%、14.8%和13.9%,申报正己烷危害企业数呈逐年减少趋势;申报存在正己烷危害企业设立局部抽风设施、张贴职业危害警示标识和发放个人防护用品的企业均逐年增加,检出工作场所空气浓度中存在正己烷的企业数分别为247、79、22、18和14家,检出率分别为44.9%、26.7%、9.8%、10.3%和8.6%,存在正己烷危害的监测数分别为278、94、37、35和30个,其中工作场所空气浓度合格的监测数分别为159、68、33、32和28个,合格率分别为64.4%、72.3%、89.2%、91.4%和93.3%,工作场所中检出正己烷的企业在岗接触人员分别为420、300、200、180和150名,实际参与检查人数分别为300、260、188、175和146名,检查率分别为71.4%、86.7%、94.0%、97.2%和97.3%。结论深圳市福永街道申报职业性正己烷危害的企业逐年下降,通过正己烷重点职业病哨点监测,企业从制定制度到实际使用化学品过程中的各类防护工作都有明显改善,企业管理员和劳动者的职业卫生防治意识都有大大提高。

[Objective] To investigate the occupational disease caused by n-hexane in Fuyong Subdistrict of Shenzhen, to evaluate the sentinel surveillance settlement of n-hexane in the enterprise, and provide foundations and bases for the prevention of n-hexane occupational disease.[Metbods] The data of field monitoring and physical examination of the enterprises with the occupational hazard of n-hexane in Fuyong Subdistriet of Shenzhen City from 2011-2015 were collected for statistic analysis. [Results] From 2011-2015, the number of enterprises who declared the existence of n-hexane hazard were 550, 296, 225, 175 and 162, with the constituent ratio of 24.1%, 16%, 14.5%, 14.8% and 13.9%. The number of enterprises who declares the n-hexane hazard decreased annually. Among enterprises with hazard of n-hexanen, the proportions of enterpries, which set up the local ventilation facilities, posted occupational hazard warning signs and handed out personal protective equipment increased year by year. The number of enterprises who detected n-hexane in workplace air was 247, 79, 22, 18 and 14, with the detection rate of 44.9%, 26.7%, 9.8%, 10.3% and 8.6%, respectively. The number of enterprises who had n-hexane monitoring was 278, 94, 37, 35 and 30, among which the number of qualified air concentrations in workplace was 159, 68, 33, 32 and 28, respectively, with qualified rate of 64.4%, 72.3%, 89.2% and 91.4% and 93.3%. The number of workers with n-hexane exposure in enterprises detected n-hexane in workplace was 420, 300, 200, 180 and 150 respectively, and actually 300, 260, 188, 175 and 46 workers participated examination, with the rate of 71.4%, 86.7%, 94.0%, 97.2% and 97.3%. [ Conclusion ]The number of enterprises with occupational hazard of n-hexane declines annually in Fuyong Subdistrict of Shenzhen. Via the monitoring of the sentinel surveillance, the enterprises have achieved the development of system, protection in chemical usage, and the occupational heahh consciousness of employees and workers have greatly enhanced.the system to the actual use of the chemical process of all kinds of protection work has improved significantly, the enterprise administrators and workers＂ occupational health awareness has greatly improved, the method can be extended, reference to other occupational disease hazard factors.