领悟社会支持和自我效能与产妇产后抑郁的关系

Relationship between perceived social support,self-efficiency and postpartum depression

目的调查领悟社会支持和自我效能与产妇产后抑郁的关系,为预防产妇产后抑郁提供理论与实践支持。方法以西安医学院第二附属医院院接诊的192名产妇完成领悟社会支持量表、总体自我效能量表以及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表,对调查结果进行方差分析、相关分析和回归分析等统计学处理。结果产妇产后抑郁情绪处于中等水平,产后抑郁症发病率为46.63%。领悟社会支持(r=-0.35,P<0.01)与自我效能(r=-0.29,P<0.01)均显著地与产后抑郁水平相关。多元回归分析证明,领悟社会支持能够显著地预测自我效能(β=0.32,P<0.01)与产后抑郁(β=-0.29,P<0.01),结构方程模型证明(χ~2/df=2.1,CFI=0.99,SRMR=0.02,RMSEA=0.03),自我效能能够显著地中介领悟社会支持对产后抑郁的影响。结论产妇产后抑郁与领悟社会支持、自我效能显著相关,自我效能能够显著地中介领悟社会支持对产后抑郁的影响,提高领悟社会支持和自我效能感可以帮助预防产妇产后抑郁。

[Objective]To investigate the relationship between perceived social support,self-efficiency and postpartum depression,provide theoretical and practical support for the prevention of postpartum depression.[Methods]192 delivery women in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Medical University were investigated by the Perceived Social Support Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The results were analyzed by the variance analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis.[Results]The delivery women had the moderate depression,and the incidence rate of postpartum depression was 46.63%.Both perceived social support（r=-0.35,P0.01）and self-efficiency（r=-0.29,P0.01）were significantly correlated with postpartum depression. Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived social support could significantly forecast self-efficiency（β=0.32,P 0.01） and postpartum depression（β =-0.29,P 0.01）. Structural equation modeling（χ~2/df =2.1,CFI =0.99,SRMR =0.02,RMSEA =0.03） indicated that self-efficiency partially mediated the relationship between perceived social support and postpartum depression. [Conclusion] There is a significant correlation between perceived social support,self-efficiency and postpartum depression,while self-efficiency can significantly mediate the influence of perceived social support on postpartum depression,and improving the perceived social support and self-efficiency can prevent the postpartum depression.