农户感知视角下的扶贫政策成效评价与优化路径

Effectiveness Evaluation and Optimization Path of Poverty Alleviation Policy from the Perspective of Farmers' Perception

对扶贫政策成效进行科学客观的评估是精准扶贫、精准脱贫的基础性工作。以湖北省来凤县后坝村为个案,通过农户视角对生计资本的改善、可行能力改善、经济脆弱性改善、经济包容性改善、地理资本改善、社会排斥降低状况等方面的扶贫政策成效进行了感知性评价。研究发现:扶贫政策成效总体比较显著,扶贫政策在改善村域发展能力和机会方面发挥了积极作用,但在提升农户个体发展和改变地理资本方面效果还需进一步提升。从强化培育贫困地区内生发展能力的政策导向、健全贫困个体生计资本方面的政策体系、加大对贫困地区基础设施和配套条件建设支持力度和进一步激发制度优势等方面提出了相应的扶贫政策优化建议。

Scientific and objective evaluation of the effectiveness of poverty alleviation policy is the basic work for targeted poverty alleviation.Based on a case study in Jiusi village,Laifeng County of Hubei Province,this paper evaluates the effectiveness of poverty alleviation policy from the farmers＇ perception,including the improvement in livelihood capital,practical capability,economic vulnerability,economic inclusion,geographic capital,social exclusion and other aspects.It is found that the overall effectiveness of poverty alleviation policies is significant,which has played a positive role in improving rural development ability and opportunity.However,there are some limitations in enhancing the effect of individual development and the change of geographical capital.Some suggestions are made to optimize the poverty alleviation policy,such as strengthening policy guidance ability about endogenous development capacity in poor areas,improving the policies of poor individual livelihood capital,expanding supports for infrastructure construction and facilities,further stimulating institutional advantages,and so on.