石油化工设备常用保冷材料的选用

Selection of cold insulation materials for petrochemical equipment

石油化工设备保冷材料在选用时应注意考察其吸水率、阻湿性、阻燃性、使用温度范围、密度和导热系数等性能指标。介绍了不同保冷材料在选用时的侧重点和应用经验,对石化设备上常用的一些保冷主材的性能进行了比较,提出当设备元件为规则结构时保冷主材建议选用聚异氰脲酸酯制品PIR、泡沫玻璃或复合保冷;当设备有高温低温双工况时,保冷材料宜采用泡沫玻璃或复合保冷;对防火要求非常严格的设备外保冷材料宜采用泡沫玻璃;当设备有双层壳体结构时建议选用膨胀珍珠岩保冷;当设备元件为不规则结构时,宜采用柔性保冷材料保冷。对常用的保冷辅材也给出了相应的选用建议,有利于提高保冷的总体效果。

In the selection of cold insulation materials for petrochemical equipment,attention should be paid to these indicators such as water absorption rate,water vapor permeability,flame retardant,operating temperature range,material density,thermal conductivity,etc. The different emphasis indicators and application experience in the selection of different cold insulation materials are introduced. The properties of different cold insulation materials commonly used in petroleum and chemical industries are compared. It is recommended that that when the equipment is of regular design,it is proposed to select polyisocyanurate foam（ PIR） or foam glass insulation,or their combination; When equipment need both cold protection and hot protection,foam glass materials or their combination are recommended; When the very strict fire protection is required for the equipment,the foam glass should be used for cold insulation materials; When the equipment has a double shell,it is suggested to use expanded perlite insulation; When the equipment is of irregular structures,flexible cold insulation materials shall be used. In addition,some useful proposals about cold insulation auxiliary materials are presented,which is favorable for improvement of cold insulation effectiveness.