民法典背景下的知识产权侵权责任

Intellectual Property Tort Liability in the Context of Civil Code

知识产权侵权责任具有三个特殊性:侵权结果具有损害与妨害的双重属性、停止侵害责任永久性、预防性责任扩张。但这些特殊性散见于各个单行法中,且内容繁杂,不易概括出一般规则。知识产权侵权责任在民法典中应当采用侵权责任模式,基于知识产权请求权与债权请求权的区别,对不同的侵权责任构成要件进行区分,区分后则无设立知识产权请求权的必要。为保证民法典的体系性和逻辑性,应当在侵权责任编中规定侵权责任的一般规则,在各单行法中规定知识产权侵权责任的特殊性。

The infringement of intellectual property rights has three specialities： the infringement result has the dual attributes of damage and obstruction, the liability to stop the infringement is permanent, and the prevention liability expands. But these specialities are scattered in the individual laws, and their content is complicated, so it is difficult to extract the general rules. The infringement of intellectual property rights should adopt the tort liability model in the civil code that based on the difference between the right of claim of intellectual property rights and the right of claim of debt, it is necessary to distinguish between different constituent elements of infringement, after which, there is no need to set the right of claim of intellectual property right. In order to ensure the completeness and logic of the civil code, the general rules of tort liability should be stipulated in the tort liability chapter, and the specialities of infringement of intellectual property rights shall be stipulated in each single laws.