饲料赖氨酸水平对雅罗鱼生长、饲料利用及肌肉营养成分的影响

Effects of lysine levels on growth, feed utilization and nutritional composition of Leuciscus

探讨赖氨酸(Lysine)对雅罗鱼(Leuciscus)生长、饲料利用及肌肉营养成分的影响。选用900尾健康的雅罗鱼(13.44±1.20)g,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾,用饲料中含不同赖氨酸水平(1.82%、2.27%、2.72%、3.17%、3.62%和4.07%)的6种等氮(37%粗蛋白质)、等能(17 MJ/kg)的饲料饲喂8周。结果表明:随着赖氨酸水平的升高,赖氨酸水平为2.27%、2.72%、3.17%、3.62%、4.07%组的雅罗鱼的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。雅罗鱼饲料效率和蛋白沉积率在对照组与2.27%组和2.72%组之间差异显著,且随着赖氨酸水平的升高而升高(P<0.05)。雅罗鱼蛋白质效率在对照组与2.27%组和3.17%组差异显著,且随着赖氨酸水平的升高而升高(P<0.05)。3.17%组的雅罗鱼氮沉积率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。雅罗鱼肌肉粗蛋白含量随饲料赖氨酸水平的升高而升高,并且在赖氨酸水平为3.62%时达到最好的效果(P<0.05);雅罗鱼肌肉赖氨酸、组氨酸和谷氨酸含量均在3.17%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),天冬氨酸和精氨酸在2.72%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),亮氨酸在3.62%组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲料中添加赖氨酸可以有效地提高雅罗鱼的生长、饲料利用和肌肉营养成分。以增重率和蛋白质效率为指标,经单因素方差分析和抛物线回归分析雅罗鱼饲料中赖氨酸适宜水平为3.17%~3.21%。

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of lysine on growth, feed utilization and the nutrition composition of Leucisus. Nine hundred healthy Leuciseus were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 repetitions per group and 50 fish in each repetition. Six isoenergetic（17 MJ/kg） and isonitrogen（37%CP） diets by different levels of lysine （1.82%, 2.27%, 2.72%, 3.17%, 3.62%, 4.07%） were prepared to feed the fish for 8 weeks. These results showed that the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of 2.27%, 2.72%, 3.17%, 3.62%, 4.07% group of Leuciscus were significantly higher than that of control group with elevated levels of lysine（P〈0.05）. The effect on feed dfficiency and protein depsosition rate of Leuciscus was significantly different among control group, 2.27%group and 2.72% group, which was higher sine（P〈0.05）. The effect rate of Leueiseus was with the growth of lysine（P〈0.05）. The effect on protein efficiency rate of Leueiseus was significantly different among control group, 2.27% group and 3.17% group, which was higher with the growth of lysine （P〈0.05）. Protein deposition rate of 3.17% group of Leueiseus was apparently higher than that of control group. Muscle protein content of Leueiscus was higher as feed lysine level rising, and the best result came out when the lysine level was 3.62%（P〈0.05）. The content of lysine, histidine and glutamic acid of Leuciscus muscle was significant- ly higher than that of control group in 3.17% group. The content of aspartic acid and arginine in 2.27% group was significantly higher than that in control group. The content of leucine in 3.62% group was significantly higher than that in control group. In this experimental conditions, adding lysine in feed can effectively improve growth performance, feed utilization and muscle protein synthesis of Leuciscus.Based on the average weight gain rate and protein efficiency with regression equation analyses, the lysine leves suitablely in feed of Leueiseus were 3.17%-3.21%.