氨氮降解菌的分离、筛选及鉴定

Isolation, screening and identification of ammonium-degrading bacteria

家禽的规模化、集约化养殖产生了大量排泄物,这成为鸡舍内氨气的主要来源。氨气挥发前在粪便中的主要存在形式是NH4+-N,试验以硫酸铵为唯一氮源,从鸡粪便中筛选对氨氮具有高效降解性能的菌株,对其进行相关氨氮降解特性和体外抑制氨气试验。结果发现,C-2菌株能够高效降解氨氮,72 h时,C-2氨氮降解率为45.3%,且能够高效抑制鸡粪便氨气的释放。通过对其菌落形态、菌体特征、16S rDNA序列分析及生理生化试验结果,鉴定C-2菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌。本研究为以后在家禽粪便减排中的应用提供参考。

Poultry used with large-scale and intensive farming generated a lot of waste, which has become a major source of ammonia in the henhouse. The main form of ammonia volatilization in feces is NH4^＋-N. This study using ammonium sulfate as the sole nitrogen source, was to screen the strains of high efficient ammonia nitrogen degradation from chicken feces. It is studied the properties of ammonia nitrogen degradation and test of inhibition of ammonia gas in vitro. The results showed that strain C-2 could degrade ammonia nitrogen. After 72 h, ammonia nitrogen degradation rate of the strain C-2 is 45.3%, and it can effectively inhibit the release of chicken manure ammonia. Through the colony morphology, morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis and physiological and bio-chemical experiments, the strain C-2 finally was identified as Bacillus subtilis. It provided the basis for application in poultry manure emissions in the future.