油菜排种器的设计与试验研究

Design and Experimental Research on Metering Device for Rape Seed

北方春油菜多数以条播为主,但此播种方法浪费种子,不能达到油菜的播种要求。为此,以北方油菜种子杂303号油菜种子为试验材料,通过对油菜种子物理特性的研究,设计了窝眼轮式排种器,并对排种器进行静态试验,研究了转速、种子盒内种子容积对排量和破损率的影响。试验表明:窝眼轮转速和种子盒内种子容积对排量和破损率影响显著;窝眼轮转速为35.73r/min时,窝眼轮的排种量随种子盒内种子容积的增加而增大,种子的破损率随种子盒内种子容积的增加而增大;当种子盒内种子的容积占种子盒容积的2/3时,窝眼轮的排种量随窝眼轮转速的增大而减少,种子的破损率随窝眼轮转速的增大而增大。该排种器播种精度高,可满足春油菜的播种要求。

In general, most northern spring rape is given priority with drilling, but this sowing method is a waste of seed, and cannot meet the requirements of rape seeds. In this paper, taking the northern rape seeds 303 hybrid rape seeds as the experimental material, through the study of physical characteristics on rape seed, the eye socket wheel device has been designed, and static test was carried out on the metering device with the speed, the seed box volume on the dis- placement and the influence of the damaging rate. Test results showed that ： the eye socket wheel speed and seed box vol- ume have a significantly influence on displacement and the damaging rate. Eye socket wheel speed is 35.73 r/min, with the increase of the seed box volume, the eye socket round metering quantity increases, with the increase of the seed box volume, the damage rate of corn seed increases ; when the seed box volume accounts for two-thirds of the seed box vol- ume, eye socket round metering quantity decrease with litter of eye wheel speed increase, damage rate of corn seed with eye wheel speed increases. The sowing device is in high precision, it is easy to satisfy the requirement of the spring rape planting.