马铃薯智能精密播种系统的研制

Development of the Intelligent Precision Planting System of the Potato

针对现有马铃薯播种机播种株距调整麻烦、土壤状况对播种精度影响较大及振幅调整不便等问题,研制了一种马铃薯智能精密播种系统。该精密播种系统采用液压马达驱动播种单元,实现播种株距的无极调整,提高了马铃薯播种机的适应性和抗干扰能力。该系统通过检测实际株距与设定株距的差值,自动修正薯种输送带的运行速度,确保实际株距始终保持在设定株距范围内;通过检测模块采集播种过程的漏种情况,自动调整输送带的振动幅度,减小重种、漏种率,提高播种精度;通过人机交互模块设定播种参数,实现播种状态的可视性。本研究对提高马铃薯播种机的作业效率、减轻劳动强度,更好地适用于马铃薯的大规模种植和服务现代农业具有重要意义。

With the aim to solve the problems of tedious way to adjust plant spacing, the greater influnce of seeding accu- racy caused by soil conditions, inconvenient way to adjust plant spacing, the intelligent precision planting system of the potato was developed. Hydraulic motor was used to replace the wheels to drive planting unit, it could achieve continuously adjust and improve the suitability and the ability of anti-interference of potato planter. The system could correct the speed of conveyor belt automatically to make sure the actual spacing was within a given rang basing on the difference between actual spacing. According to the planting conditions collected by detection module, the system could adjust amplitude of conveyor belt automatically to reduce the rate of multiple and miss seeding, it could improve the planting accuracy. The system could set planting parameter by human-machine interaction module and come true the visibility of planting condition. The research could have a significance for the improvement of operating efficiency, alleviating working intension, suiting the large-scale planting of potato better and servicing the modem agriculture.