浮式防波堤研究进展

Research progress and application of floating breakwater

浮式防波堤与其他传统防波堤相比,可适应水深较大、地基软弱、大潮差和引入水体交换等情况,在港口海岸工程、海洋工程以及海水养殖等诸多领域具有广阔应用前景。对国内外浮式防波堤的主要研究成果和进展进行了综述,从理论推导、经验公式和数值计算3个方面归纳和总结了浮式防波堤波浪透射系数的计算方法。介绍了浮式防波堤结构型式的研究进展,重点分析了浮箱式、浮筒式、浮筏式及其相应改进结构等不同型式浮式防波堤的消浪原理和消浪效果,分析比较了不同结构型式浮式防波堤的优缺点。最后介绍了浮式防波堤在国内外的工程应用,并分析了限制浮式防波堤应用的主要原因,指出了目前浮式防波堤研究方面的不足,以及推广应用浮式防波堤需要进一步研究的内容。

Compared to other traditional breakwaters,the floating breakwater can be applied to the conditions with relatively deep water,weak foundation,macro-tidal range and requirements of water exchange,and has broad application prospects in many fields,such as harbors,coastal works,ocean engineering,and marine culture,etc.In the study,the main research achievements and research progress of the floating breakwaters are summarized based on plenty of references. Calculation methods of wave transmission coefficient of the floating breakwaters,including theoretical derivation,empirical formulas and numerical simulations,are summarized and analyzed in the study. The research and development conditions of the structural types of the floating breakwaters are introduced and the wave attenuation mechanism and effectiveness of different structual types including pontoon type,raft type and their improved structure types are focused. The engineering application cases of the floating breakwaters both at home and abroad are introduced,and the main reasons of their application limits are also analyzed. Finally,a few deficiencies in the present research are pointed out,and future development directions and some key problems are put forward to further promote the engineering application of the floating breakwaters in the future.