晚清王笃两次“谮毁”林则徐本事考

The Textual Research on the Truth of Lin Zexu Defamed Twice by Wang Du

晚清广东禁烟期间,钦差大臣林则徐曾与广东督粮道王笃建立了深厚的友谊。但魏源、芍塘居士等学者一般都认为王笃曾向抚粤大臣琦善、道光皇帝两次谮毁林则徐,致使林氏革职遭贬,以至遣戍边疆。本文一方面考辨王笃力挺林则徐"主战"政见,对琦善等"主和"行为极尽控诉,且因卸职离粤而未参与议和诸事务,故王笃向琦善"谮毁"林氏不足成立。另一方面详证,林、王关系渐趋破裂缘于王笃与林氏禁烟举措的政见相左,并终因王笃亲近穆党行"造膝之言"中伤林氏,故二人友谊遂止。

Wang Du and Lin Zexu established a profound friendship during the period of opium - prohibiting campaign in Guangdong Province. Scholars such as Wei Yuan and Shao Tang, always have different views a- bout Wang Du. They believed that because of Wang Du, Lin Zexu was encountered relegate life in Xinjiang Region. In this paper, for one thing, we ean conclusively proved that Wang Du didn＇ t undermine Lin Zexu＇ s contribution in Guangdong Province, because Wang Du who was a hawk like Lin Zexu had no right to partic- ipate in politics during Qi Shan tenure of office and usually eritieized the doves such as Qi Shan. On the other hand, we could knew that for the reasons as Lin Zexu was defamed to the Daoguang Emperor by Wang Du who had different views about anti - smoking eampaign, and the friendship between Lin Zexu and Wang Du had broken.