Mannich染色法中醛的筛选及作用研究

Screening and Researching of Aldehyde in Mannich Staining

选用含有芳伯胺基团的商品染料C.I.酸性绿20,在不同醛组分(戊二醛、丙酮醛、苯甲醛、糠醛、多聚甲醛)的作用下通过Mannich反应机理上染蚕丝纤维,分别测定各种醛染色蚕丝织物皂洗前后的K/S值。结果表明,采用Mannich染色法,选用丙酮醛作为醛组分获得的染色织物颜色最深。进一步探讨染色温度、时间、pH值、丙酮醛用量等单变量对染色结果的影响,并采用正交实验法,优化Mannich染色工艺条件。最后针对最佳工艺染色后的蚕丝织物进行一系列物理性能测试,发现丙酮醛Mannich法染的蚕丝织物的耐皂洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度均在4级以上。与原织物相比,染色蚕丝的断裂强力损失较大,但撕破强力却得到了提升,抗皱性能得到了改善。

A commercial dye C. I. Acid Green 20 which contains an aromatic primary amine group was chosen to stain the silk fiber under different aldehydes （glutaraldehyde, methylglyoxal, benzaldehyde, furfural, paraformaldehyde） based on Mannich reaction. The K/S values of the silk which were stained by various aldehydes were tested before and ofter soaping. The results show that the silk using the methylglyoxal as the aldehyde component gains the best color depth. Then, the univariate dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature, time, pH and the amount of methylglyoxal were discussed. Use the orthogonal method to optimize the Mannich dyeing conditions on the basis of previous results. Finally test a series of physical properties of the optimum methylglyoxal Mannich stained silk. Found that the soaping fastness and rubbing fastness of silk that were above grade 4. Compared with the original fabric, the breaking strength loss of silk is large, but tearing strength and the anti wrinkle performance is improved.