竹荪多糖早期和晚期干预对砷中毒大鼠肝功能的影响

Effects of intervention by Dictyophora polysaccharide on liver function in early and late stage of arsenic poisoning among rats

目的探讨砷致肝损伤大鼠体内砷含量和肝功能受竹荪多糖干预的影响。方法 108只成年清洁级SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(24只,以普通饲料喂饲)、砷+竹荪同时干预组[(简称同时干预组),24只,10 mg/ml的竹荪多糖每日20ml/kg灌胃,且饲料中砷含量为50 mg/kg]、砷染毒组(60只,喂饲砷含量50 mg/kg的饲料),均雌雄各半。采用喂饲法进行染毒3个月后,以HE、Masson染色观察肝损伤情况。继续将砷染毒组随机均分为砷染毒组、砷+二巯基丙磺酸钠(DMPS)组[(简称DMPS组),每天以5 mg/kg二巯基丙磺酸钠腹腔注射,连续3 d,间隔4 d为一个周期]、砷+竹荪后干预组[(简称竹荪后干预组),10 mg/ml竹荪多糖每日20 ml/kg灌胃],每组18只,雌雄各半,三组均以砷含量为50 mg/kg的饲料喂饲,各组再处理3个月,观察大鼠体内砷含量和肝功能的变化情况。结果肝脏HE、Masson染色显示,与正常对照组比较,同时干预组、砷染毒组光镜下肝组织均有不同程度肝损伤出现。与正常对照组相比,各处理组大鼠血清ALT和AST的活力升高,且随着染毒时间的增加,各组大鼠血清ALT和AST的活力呈上升趋势。与正常对照组相比,各处理组大鼠血、尿、肝脏砷含量均增高(P<0.05)。与砷染毒组相比,同时干预组、DMPS组、竹荪后干预组肝砷降低,血砷和尿砷升高(P<0.05)。与DMPS组相比,同时干预组肝砷先降低后升高,尿砷先升高后减低,血砷先升高后减低再升高(P<0.05)。与同时干预组相比,竹荪后干预组肝砷升高,血砷、尿砷降低(P<0.05)。与竹荪后干预组相比,DMPS组肝砷降低,尿砷升高,血砷先升高后降低(P<0.05)。结论竹荪多糖早期干预能减轻砷中毒大鼠肝损伤程度,且竹荪在砷中毒早期干预对肝损伤的减轻效果优于砷中毒后再干预,但竹荪多糖对砷中毒大鼠体内驱砷效果仍不及二巯基丙磺酸钠。

Objective To investigate the effects Dictyophora polysaccharide intervention on arsenic content and liver function in liver injury rats induced by arsenic. Methods A total of 108 SD rats were randomly divided into control group（n=24,）, arsenic＋Dictyophora polysaccharide group（synchronous intervention group,n =24, fed by normal fodder containing 50 mg/kg arsenic,given by 10 mg/ml Dictyophora polysaccharide solution through gavage 20 ml/kg body weight once a day）,arsenic exposure group（n =60, fed by normal fodder containing 50 mg/kg arsenic）, half male and female.liver injury was observed by HE and Masson stain after 3-month treatment.Then, arsenic exposure group was divided into arsenic exposure group,arsenic ＋DMPS group（DMPS group,given by through peritoneal injection, 5 mg/kg DMPS once a day,for three consecutive days with a four days interval）, arsenic＋ Dictyophora polysaccharide-late intervention group（late intervention group,18 rats per group, all of the three group continuously fed by normal fodder containing 50 mg/kg arsenic for three months,the variation of arsenic content in blood,urine,liver, and liver function were observed. Results Compared with normal control group,HE staining and Masson staining showed liver injury with various degrees in Dictyophora intervention group and the exposure group. Compared with the control group, the levels of ALT and AST activity in all treatment groups increased（P〈0.05）. In the same group, the activity of ALT and AST showed an upward trend with the prolonged exposure time.Compared with control group,the levels of arsenic in blood,urine and liver were significantly higher in all treatment groups（P 〈0.05）. Compared with arsenic exposure group,lower levels of arsenic in lever,higher levels of arsenic in blood and urine samples were found in synchronous intervention group,DMPS group and late intervention group（P 〈0.05）. Compared with DMPS group, liver arsenic decreased first then increased,urine arsenic and blood arsenic increased first then decreased, with statistically significant difference in synchronous intervention group（P 〈0.05）. Compared with synchronous intervention group, higher levels of arsenic in liver,lower levels of arsenic in blood and urine samples were found in late intervention group（P〈0.05）. Compared with late intervention group, lower levels of arsenic in liver,higher levels of arsenic in blood and urine samples were found in synchronous intervention group（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion Dictyophora polysaccharide plays a prevention role on liver injury in the early stage of arsenic poisoning,which is significantly effective than in late stage. The effects of Dictyophora polysaccharide on removal of arsenic in arsenic poisoning rats is still not better than DMPS.