郑州市省级示范中学学生抑郁症状现状及其与生活事件的关系

Depressive Symptoms of Provincial Demonstration Middle School Students and Its Relationship with Life Events in Zhengzhou

目的:了解郑州市省级示范中学初高中学生抑郁症状的现状及其与生活事件的关系。方法:选取横断面调查,使用人口学资料自制量表、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)和流调中心用抑郁症筛查量表(CES-D)组成调查问卷,对郑州市省级示范中学的1440名中学生进行抑郁症状调查及其与生活事件的关系。结果:中学生存在抑郁症状的检出率为20.03%,其中女生为21.73%,男生为18.55%,抑郁症状情况在性别(χ2=7.049,P<0.05)上的差异具有统计学意义;初一学生的抑郁症状检出率为18.38%,初二为18.60%,初三为16.40%,高一为19.57%,高二为21.09%,高三为26.96%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=63.145,P<0.001);不同抑郁症状情况的学生在人际关系因子、健康适应因子及其他因子上没有显著性差异,在学习压力(F=3.209,P<0.05)、受惩罚因子(F=4.958,P<0.01)、丧失因子(F=5.150,P<0.01)及总分(F=3.755,P<0.05)上均具统计学意义。结论:中学生抑郁症状较普遍且发生率较高,学校及社会应给予中学生心理健康教育和心理咨询服务,提高中学生心理健康水平。

Objective ：To survey the prevalence of depressive symptoms in provincial demonstration middle school in Zhengzhou and its relationship with life events .Methods ：A cross - sectional survey was carried out with the demo-graphic data self - control questionnaire ,the Adolescent Self - Rating Life Events Check List （ASLEC ）and Catch-ment - area Epidemiology Survey - Depression（CES - D） .We used the questionnaire as tool to survey the prevalence of depressive symptoms in 1440 students and to study the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms .Results ：The rate of having depressive symptoms was 20 .03% .The rates of having depressive symptoms in girls and boys was 21 .73% and 18 .55% .Depressive symptoms had significant gender differences （χ2 = 7 .049 ,P 〈0 .05） .The rates of having depressive symptoms in the first ,second and third grade of junior middle school students were 18 .38% ,18 .60% and 16 .40% ,their difference was statistically significant （χ2 = 63 .145 ,P 〈 0 .001） .The rates of having depressive symptoms in the first ,second and third grade of senior middle school students were 19 .57% , 21 .09% and 26 .96% .Students with different prevalence were not statistically significant in the factors of interperson -al relationship and health adaptation ,and were statistically significant in study pressure （F = 3 .209 ,P 〈 0 .05） ,pun-ishment（F = 4 .958 ,P 〈 0 .01） ,loss factors （F = 5 .150 ,P 〈 0 .01） and total score（F = 3 .755 ,P 〈 0 .05） .Conclusion ：Middle school students＇depression is more common and the incidence rate is high .The school and the society should give the students psychological health education and counseling services ,to improve the level of psychological health of middle school students .