抗逆力的发展:人格、家庭环境及生活事件的影响

The Development of Resilience:Influence of Personality,Family Environment and Life Events

目的:运用目前抗逆力理论和实务研究的最新成果和方法,从个体人格、家庭环境和生活事件经历3个方面积极探索和分析抗逆力发展的影响因素,并提出针对抗逆力提升的干预策略。方法:采用随机抽样方法,抽取某高校918名大学生作为调查对象。选用人格(16PF)、生活事件(GSES)、抗逆力(CD-RISC)及家庭环境(FES)4个量表进行测试。结果使用SPSS 18.0进行统计分析,以检验这些因素与抗逆力的关系。结果:人格中的稳定性、恃强性、有恒性、敢为性、忧虑性和自律性是影响抗逆力的主要因素,对抗逆力的可决系数为0.386;影响大学生抗逆力的负性生活事件主要体现为人际挫折;家庭中的情感表达、独立性、娱乐性和组织性是影响抗逆力的重要环境因素,并对抗逆力的可决系数为0.13。结论:人格是大学生抗逆力发展影响之核心,人际困扰是大学生抗逆力发展影响之重要风险,家庭环境是大学生抗逆力发展之重要缓冲。

Objective：The latest achievements and methods of resilience theories and empirical studies were utilized in this paper which actively explored and analyzed influence factors of undergraduates＇resilience to establish interven-tion strategies for promoting undergradustes＇resilience.Methods：Sampling method was adopted with 918 undergrad-uates as respondents.Respondents were tested by using four scales of 16PF,GSES,CD—RISC and FES.The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS18.0 to verify the relationship between these factors and resilience.Results：The main influence factors were stability,dominance,rule—consciousness,social boldness,apprehension and automa-ticity of personality,whose interpretation ratio to resilience was 38.6%.Interpersonal setback was the negative life e-vent influencing undergraduates＇resilience.Expression of emotion in family,independence,entertainment and organi-zation were important environmental aspects influencing resilience,the coefficient of determination for resilience was 0.13.Conclusion：Personality is the core factor impacting the development of undergraduates＇resilience.Interpersonal setback is the main risk affecting the development of undergraduates＇resilience and home environment is an impor-tant buffer influencing the development of undergraduates＇resilience.